两种读写配置文件的方案(app.config与web.config通用)

第一种方法：采用MS现有的ConfigurationManager来进行读写

using System.Configuration;

namespace Zwj.TEMS.Common

{

    public abstract class ConfigHelper

    {

        private ConfigHelper()

        { }

        /// <summary>

        /// 获取配置值

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="key"></param>

        /// <returns></returns>

        public static string GetAppSettingValue(string key)

        {

            return ConfigurationManager.AppSettings[key];

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 设置配置值（存在则更新，不存在则新增）

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="key"></param>

        /// <param name="value"></param>

        public static void SetAppSettingValue(string key, string value)

        {

            var config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);

            var setting = config.AppSettings.Settings[key];

            if (setting==null)

            {

                config.AppSettings.Settings.Add(key, value);

            }

            else

            {

                setting.Value = value;

            }

            config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);

            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("appSettings");

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 删除配置值

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="key"></param>

        public static void RemoveAppSetting(string key)

        {

            var config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);

            config.AppSettings.Settings.Remove(key);

            config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);

            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("appSettings");

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 获取连接字符串

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="name"></param>

        /// <returns></returns>

        public static string GetConnectionString(string name)

        {

          return  ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings[name].ConnectionString;

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 设置连接字符串的值（存在则更新，不存在则新增）

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="name"></param>

        /// <param name="connstr"></param>

        /// <param name="provider"></param>

        public static void SetConnectionString(string name,string connstr, string provider)

        {

            var config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);

            ConnectionStringSettings connStrSettings = config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings[name];

            if (connStrSettings != null)

            {

                connStrSettings.ConnectionString = connstr;

                connStrSettings.ProviderName = provider;

            }

            else

            {

                connStrSettings = new ConnectionStringSettings(name, connstr, provider);

                config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings.Add(connStrSettings);

            }

            config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);

            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("connectionStrings");

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 删除连接字符串配置项

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="name"></param>

        public static void RemoveConnectionString(string name)

        {

            var config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);

            config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings.Remove(name);

            config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);

            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("connectionStrings");

        }

    }

}

　注意：不能直接使用ConfigurationManager.AppSettings及ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings进行写操作（即：Add,Remove）,因为这两个属性是只读的，本人之前也疑惑，明明能够调用Add,Remove方法，但使用时却报错。

第二种方法：采用原生的XML+XPATH来读写（来源于网络）

//==============================================

// FileName: ConfigManager

// Description: 静态方法业务类，用于对C#、ASP.NET中的WinForm & WebForm 项目程序配置文件

// app.config和web.config的[appSettings]和[connectionStrings]节点进行新增、修改、删除和读取相关的操作。

//==============================================

using System;

using System.Data;

using System.Configuration;

using System.Web;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

public enum ConfigurationFile

{

    AppConfig = 1,

    WebConfig = 2

}

/// <summary>

/// ConfigManager 应用程序配置文件管理器

/// </summary>

public class ConfigManager

{

    public ConfigManager()

    {

        //

        // TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑

        //

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// 对[appSettings]节点依据Key值读取到Value值，返回字符串

    /// </summary>

    /// <param name="configurationFile">要操作的配置文件名称,枚举常量</param>

    /// <param name="key">要读取的Key值</param>

    /// <returns>返回Value值的字符串</returns>

    public static string ReadValueByKey(ConfigurationFile configurationFile, string key)

    {

        string value = string.Empty;

        string filename = string.Empty;

        if (configurationFile.ToString() == ConfigurationFile.AppConfig.ToString())

        {

            filename = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath + ".config";

        }

        else

        {

            filename = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "web.config";

        }

        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

        doc.Load(filename); //加载配置文件

        XmlNode node = doc.SelectSingleNode("//appSettings"); //得到[appSettings]节点

        ////得到[appSettings]节点中关于Key的子节点

        XmlElement element = (XmlElement)node.SelectSingleNode("//add[@key='" + key + "']");

        if (element != null)

        {

            value = element.GetAttribute("value");

        }

        return value;

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// 对[connectionStrings]节点依据name值读取到connectionString值，返回字符串

    /// </summary>

    /// <param name="configurationFile">要操作的配置文件名称,枚举常量</param>

    /// <param name="name">要读取的name值</param>

    /// <returns>返回connectionString值的字符串</returns>

    public static string ReadConnectionStringByName(ConfigurationFile configurationFile, string name)

    {

        string connectionString = string.Empty;

        string filename = string.Empty;

        if (configurationFile.ToString() == ConfigurationFile.AppConfig.ToString())

        {

            filename = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath + ".config";

        }

        else

        {

            filename = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "web.config";

        }

        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

        doc.Load(filename); //加载配置文件

        XmlNode node = doc.SelectSingleNode("//connectionStrings"); //得到[appSettings]节点

        ////得到[connectionString]节点中关于name的子节点

        XmlElement element = (XmlElement)node.SelectSingleNode("//add[@name='" + name + "']");

        if (element != null)

        {

            connectionString = element.GetAttribute("connectionString");

        }

        return connectionString;

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// 更新或新增[appSettings]节点的子节点值，存在则更新子节点Value,不存在则新增子节点，返回成功与否布尔值

    /// </summary>

    /// <param name="configurationFile">要操作的配置文件名称,枚举常量</param>

    /// <param name="key">子节点Key值</param>

    /// <param name="value">子节点value值</param>

    /// <returns>返回成功与否布尔值</returns>

    public static bool UpdateOrCreateAppSetting(ConfigurationFile configurationFile, string key, string value)

    {

        bool isSuccess = false;

        string filename = string.Empty;

        if (configurationFile.ToString() == ConfigurationFile.AppConfig.ToString())

        {

            filename = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath + ".config";

        }

        else

        {

            filename = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "web.config";

        }

        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

        doc.Load(filename); //加载配置文件

        XmlNode node = doc.SelectSingleNode("//appSettings"); //得到[appSettings]节点

        try

        {

            ////得到[appSettings]节点中关于Key的子节点

            XmlElement element = (XmlElement)node.SelectSingleNode("//add[@key='" + key + "']");

            if (element != null)

            {

                //存在则更新子节点Value

                element.SetAttribute("value", value);

            }

            else

            {

                //不存在则新增子节点

                XmlElement subElement = doc.CreateElement("add");

                subElement.SetAttribute("key", key);

                subElement.SetAttribute("value", value);

                node.AppendChild(subElement);

            }

            //保存至配置文件(方式一)

            using (XmlTextWriter xmlwriter = new XmlTextWriter(filename, null))

            {

                xmlwriter.Formatting = Formatting.Indented;

                doc.WriteTo(xmlwriter);

                xmlwriter.Flush();

            }

            isSuccess = true;

        }

        catch (Exception ex)

        {

            isSuccess = false;

            throw ex;

        }

        return isSuccess;

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// 更新或新增[connectionStrings]节点的子节点值，存在则更新子节点,不存在则新增子节点，返回成功与否布尔值

    /// </summary>

    /// <param name="configurationFile">要操作的配置文件名称,枚举常量</param>

    /// <param name="name">子节点name值</param>

    /// <param name="connectionString">子节点connectionString值</param>

    /// <param name="providerName">子节点providerName值</param>

    /// <returns>返回成功与否布尔值</returns>

    public static bool UpdateOrCreateConnectionString(ConfigurationFile configurationFile, string name, string connectionString, string providerName)

    {

        bool isSuccess = false;

        string filename = string.Empty;

        if (configurationFile.ToString() == ConfigurationFile.AppConfig.ToString())

        {

            filename = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath + ".config";

        }

        else

        {

            filename = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "web.config";

        }

        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

        doc.Load(filename); //加载配置文件

        XmlNode node = doc.SelectSingleNode("//connectionStrings"); //得到[connectionStrings]节点

        try

        {

            ////得到[connectionStrings]节点中关于Name的子节点

            XmlElement element = (XmlElement)node.SelectSingleNode("//add[@name='" + name + "']");

            if (element != null)

            {

                //存在则更新子节点

                element.SetAttribute("connectionString", connectionString);

                element.SetAttribute("providerName", providerName);

            }

            else

            {

                //不存在则新增子节点

                XmlElement subElement = doc.CreateElement("add");

                subElement.SetAttribute("name", name);

                subElement.SetAttribute("connectionString", connectionString);

                subElement.SetAttribute("providerName", providerName);

                node.AppendChild(subElement);

            }

            //保存至配置文件(方式二)

            doc.Save(filename);

            isSuccess = true;

        }

        catch (Exception ex)

        {

            isSuccess = false;

            throw ex;

        }

        return isSuccess;

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// 删除[appSettings]节点中包含Key值的子节点，返回成功与否布尔值

    /// </summary>

    /// <param name="configurationFile">要操作的配置文件名称,枚举常量</param>

    /// <param name="key">要删除的子节点Key值</param>

    /// <returns>返回成功与否布尔值</returns>

    public static bool DeleteByKey(ConfigurationFile configurationFile, string key)

    {

        bool isSuccess = false;

        string filename = string.Empty;

        if (configurationFile.ToString() == ConfigurationFile.AppConfig.ToString())

        {

            filename = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath + ".config";

        }

        else

        {

            filename = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "web.config";

        }

        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

        doc.Load(filename); //加载配置文件

        XmlNode node = doc.SelectSingleNode("//appSettings"); //得到[appSettings]节点

        ////得到[appSettings]节点中关于Key的子节点

        XmlElement element = (XmlElement)node.SelectSingleNode("//add[@key='" + key + "']");

        if (element != null)

        {

            //存在则删除子节点

            element.ParentNode.RemoveChild(element);

        }

        else

        {

            //不存在

        }

        try

        {

            //保存至配置文件(方式一)

            using (XmlTextWriter xmlwriter = new XmlTextWriter(filename, null))

            {

                xmlwriter.Formatting = Formatting.Indented;

                doc.WriteTo(xmlwriter);

                xmlwriter.Flush();

            }

            isSuccess = true;

        }

        catch (Exception ex)

        {

            isSuccess = false;

        }

        return isSuccess;

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// 删除[connectionStrings]节点中包含name值的子节点，返回成功与否布尔值

    /// </summary>

    /// <param name="configurationFile">要操作的配置文件名称,枚举常量</param>

    /// <param name="name">要删除的子节点name值</param>

    /// <returns>返回成功与否布尔值</returns>

    public static bool DeleteByName(ConfigurationFile configurationFile, string name)

    {

        bool isSuccess = false;

        string filename = string.Empty;

        if (configurationFile.ToString() == ConfigurationFile.AppConfig.ToString())

        {

            filename = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath + ".config";

        }

        else

        {

            filename = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "web.config";

        }

        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

        doc.Load(filename); //加载配置文件

        XmlNode node = doc.SelectSingleNode("//connectionStrings"); //得到[connectionStrings]节点

        ////得到[connectionStrings]节点中关于Name的子节点

        XmlElement element = (XmlElement)node.SelectSingleNode("//add[@name='" + name + "']");

        if (element != null)

        {

            //存在则删除子节点

            node.RemoveChild(element);

        }

        else

        {

            //不存在

        }

        try

        {

            //保存至配置文件(方式二)

            doc.Save(filename);

            isSuccess = true;

        }

        catch (Exception ex)

        {

            isSuccess = false;

        }

        return isSuccess;

    }

}

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两种读写配置文件的方案(app.config与web.config通用)

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